Essential E-Book: 5 Key Security Threats Posed by Generative AI

Generative AI is not just a buzzword; it’s a transformative force reshaping cybersecurity. As defenders adopt AI technologies to bolster their security posture, cybercriminals are rapidly evolving to counter these advancements. According to Microsoft’s 2025 Digital Threats Report, nations like Russia, China, Iran, and North Korea have significantly enhanced their use of AI, deploy sophisticated tactics to carry out cyberattacks, and disseminate disinformation. Today’s threats include AI-powered phishing emails crafted to sound fluent in any language, deepfake videos impersonating company executives, and malware that adapts in real time to circumvent existing defenses.

As businesses respond to this changing landscape, it’s essential to understand the implications of generative AI for security. Let’s break down some eye-opening statistics:

• 66% of organizations are developing or planning to develop custom generative AI applications.

• 88% of organizations express concern about indirect prompt injection attacks.

• 80% of business leaders prioritize the risk of sensitive data leakage via AI.

To help organizations navigate these evolving challenges, Microsoft has released a practical guide titled 5 Generative AI Security Threats You Must Know About. This article will delve into key themes from the e-book, highlighting the hurdles that organizations face, the most pressing threats posed by generative AI, and recommendations for enhancing security in unpredictable environments.

Security Leaders Face Urgent Challenges

As generative AI becomes a cornerstone of enterprise workflows, security leaders must tackle a series of new challenges that necessitate a strategic pivot. These aren’t mere technical issues; they encompass architectural, behavioral, and operational risks warranting a more integrated security approach.

• Cloud Vulnerabilities: Most generative AI applications operate in the cloud, a factor that cyberattackers exploit to compromise sensitive data and model integrity.

• Data Exposure Risks: Generative AI requires large datasets, making it a target for data leakage. Security teams face heightened challenges in enforcing governance across expansive environments.

• Unpredictable Model Behavior: Generative AI models can yield varying outputs for the same input, complicating predictions regarding malicious prompts or manipulations. This variability increases vulnerability to prompt injection attacks.

These foundational risks indicate the urgency for security leaders to address the following critical AI threats that demand immediate scrutiny.

Critical Generative AI Threats to Watch

Generative AI presents a novel set of cyberthreats that extend beyond typical cloud vulnerabilities, targeting the core architecture and functionality of AI systems. These risks challenge the trust, integrity, and resilience of increasingly relied-upon AI models. Cyberattackers are using the data-centric nature of AI to turn its strengths into weaknesses, necessitating new threat mitigation strategies.

Among the primary cyberthreats are poisoning attacks, where attackers manipulate training data to skew model outputs. Evasion attacks employ obfuscation or jailbreak prompts to bypass AI content filters. A particularly perilous threat is the prompt injection attack, where crafted inputs override original model instructions, pushing it toward unintended or harmful actions. These challenges highlight the urgent need for security leaders to reassess traditional defenses and implement comprehensive, AI-specific safeguards. For an in-depth exploration of these threats and actionable guidance for mitigation strategies, refer to the full Microsoft guide: 5 Generative AI Security Threats You Must Know About.

Building a Proactive Defense for AI and Multicloud Environments

Modern cybersecurity necessitates a holistic strategy that integrates signals across applications, infrastructure, and user behavior. The e-book examines how Cloud-Native Application Protection Platforms (CNAPP) can simplify this complexity by amalgamating tools like Cloud Security Posture Management (CSPM), Cloud Infrastructure Entitlement Management (CIEM), and Cloud Workload Protection Platform (CWPP) into a single interface. By correlating identity data, storage logs, code vulnerabilities, and internet exposure, CNAPP offers security teams the comprehensive visibility required to detect and remediate cyber threats swiftly. This integrated approach is pivotal as generative AI introduces unpredictable behaviors, proving traditional siloed defenses insufficient.

Microsoft Defender for Cloud exemplifies this robust model by providing comprehensive AI security throughout development and runtime. It inspects code repositories for misconfigurations, monitors container images for vulnerabilities, and charts attack paths to sensitive assets. During runtime, Defender for Cloud identifies AI-specific threats such as jailbreak attacks, credential theft, and data leakage, leveraging over 100 trillion daily signals from Microsoft Threat Intelligence. This integration of posture management and real-time threat protection enables organizations to secure generative AI workloads and retain trust amidst an evolving cyber threat landscape.

Redefining Security for the Generative AI Era

As generative AI becomes integral to business operations, security leaders must evolve their strategies accordingly. Microsoft assists organizations in streamlining security and governance throughout the complete cloud and AI application lifecycle. Through comprehensive visibility, proactive risk assessment, and real-time detection, Microsoft safeguards your modern cloud and AI assets—covering every stage from code to runtime—while ensuring compliance with evolving regulations.

Organizations such as Icertis are already implementing these strategies effectively. Subodh Patil, Principal Cyber Security Architect at Icertis, states:

“Microsoft Defender for Cloud emerged as our natural choice for the first line of defense against AI-related threats. It meticulously evaluates the security of our Azure OpenAI deployments, monitors usage patterns, and promptly alerts us to potential threats. These capabilities empower our Security Operations Center (SOC) teams to make more informed decisions based on AI detections, ensuring that our AI-powered contract management remains secure, reliable, and ahead of emerging threats.”

—Subodh Patil, Principal Cyber Security Architect, Icertis

Generative AI is fundamentally transforming the cybersecurity landscape—empowering defenders while providing adversaries with innovative tools for phishing, deepfakes, and responsive malware. To better understand the leading AI-driven cyberthreats and explore avenues for mitigation, consider accessing the e-book: 5 Generative AI Security Threats You Must Know About.

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¹ Microsoft Digital Defense Report 2025

²Accelerate AI transformation with strong security: The path to securely embracing AI adoption in your organization, Microsoft Security.

³ If your org’s using any virtual assistants with AI capabilities, are you concerned about indirect prompt injection attacks?

⁴ THE NEXT ERA OF CLOUD SECURITY: Cloud-Native Application Protection Platform and Beyond, Doc. #US53297125, April 2025.