Navigating Generative AI in Library Science: The Impact of ChatGPT

When ChatGPT made its debut in 2022, it sparked substantial discussions and reconsiderations in the realm of library science. Librarians, experts trained in evaluating and utilizing a multitude of information sources, quickly recognized both the potential and challenges posed by generative AI as an information tool. The excitement around AI’s capabilities was soon accompanied by a wave of concerns, especially as patrons began reporting bizarre experiences that revealed the inherent flaws of this technology.

Early Red Flags: The Hallucination Phenomenon

A significant initial concern was voiced by humanities librarian Laurie Bridges, who pointed out a troubling trend: patrons requesting books and materials that had been fabricated by AI. These so-called “hallucinations” raised critical questions not just regarding the reliability of generative AI, but also about broader issues related to information literacy. Bridges set out to address these challenges, emphasizing the need for a nuanced understanding of AI’s limitations.

The Birth of the AI Literacy Center

Bridges has since become the director of Oregon State University’s (OSU) newly established AI Literacy Center. This initiative, launched after a collaborative effort spearheaded by Dean of Libraries Anne-Marie Deitering, aims to equip students, faculty, and staff with the tools they need to navigate the intricacies of generative AI. The center focuses on creating training modules, discussions, and resources that delve into the underpinnings of AI, its operation, and its implications.

Educating for Informed Choices

At the core of the center’s mission lies a commitment to fostering informed decision-making around the use of AI. Bridges explains, “We are focused on educating everyone about how generative AI works, which is important for everyone to understand, whether you use it or not.” Key questions explored include the nature of the data that informs generative AI, the processes involved in data curation, and the socioeconomic dynamics at play. Understanding these elements empowers users to be more critical and discerning in their interactions with AI technologies.

An AI Pragmatist’s Perspective

Describing herself as an AI pragmatist, Bridges approaches the topic from a balanced standpoint, neither wholly endorsing nor condemning the use of generative AI. She believes that every inquiry into AI’s functionality generates further questions, complicating the matter even more. “There is a diversity of opinions and feelings about generative AI,” she notes, emphasizing the necessity of ongoing dialogue. Such discussions not only enrich the academic community but also help illuminate the multifaceted implications of AI in various disciplines.

Research Opportunities at the Center

One of the unique aspects of the AI Literacy Center is its role as a research incubator. Fellow researchers, like Anna Guasco and Demian Hommel, are already investigating critical areas such as environmental sustainability and the resource demands of AI data centers. This focus not only deepens researchers’ understanding of AI’s impact but also highlights the interdisciplinary nature of the challenges presented by artificial intelligence.

Diverse Concerns Across Different Populations

Bridges recognizes that differing audiences have varied concerns regarding generative AI. Students typically seek clarity on which AI tools qualify as acceptable for their academic work, while faculty are more interested in integrating these technologies into their teaching and research. By addressing these specific needs, the center aims to tailor its resources for maximum utility.

The Importance of Recognizing AI’s Limitations

An essential part of the conversation that Bridges wants to foster is understanding the inherent flaws in AI systems. As she points out, “AI is powered by algorithms, and those algorithms are not neutral.” They embody the biases present in their training data, leading to potentially misleading outputs. Additionally, she cautions against “automation bias,” where users may mistakenly place undue trust in AI-generated information, despite contradictory evidence.

Encouraging Engagement with AI Literacy

Bridges actively encourages members of the OSU community to engage with the offerings at the AI Literacy Center, which include various free events and training sessions. These resources are designed to empower individuals to critically evaluate AI’s promises and pitfalls. Moreover, Bridges is keen to connect with researchers exploring social, economic, and political dimensions of generative AI, reinforcing the collaborative spirit that the center aims to nurture.

A Resource for Understanding Generative AI

“Generative AI is a complicated topic,” Bridges reiterates, highlighting the center’s role in guiding faculty and students through this intricate landscape. The AI Literacy Center serves as a vital resource for anyone eager to grasp the complexities and implications of generative AI, promoting informed choices in an increasingly AI-driven world.

~ Theresa Hogue